Klasslar

class Counter:
    def __init__(self, start=0):
        self.value = start

    def inc(self):
        self.value += 1

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"Counter(value={self.value})"

c = Counter()
c.inc()
print(c)

Meros olish

class Animal:
    def speak(self):
        return "..."

class Dog(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return "woof"

print(Dog().speak())

dataclass

from dataclasses import dataclass

@dataclass
class User:
    name: str
    age: int

u = User("Ali", 20)
print(u)